What obsolete coin denominations are still used as terms for money?

Wow, I had no idea the singular of "lepta" was "lepton". Makes sense, but it's also a term in particle physics (particles with half-integer spin, such as electrons), so it sounds surprising to hear it in English.

 

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The classic "two bits" used in the US to refer 25¢ and "four bits" for 50¢ is old slang that might still be in use, but it was very widespread in the 19th-20th centuries.

The "bit" referred to is 12.5¢, the equivalent value for 1/8 of a Spanish 8 reales. These coins, in colonial time and during the early years of the newly independent US were sometimes cut up into 8 bits, each roughly worth 12.5¢ for use in everyday transactions.

 

"Two bits, four bits, six bits a dollar, all those for [insert name of your team here] stand up and holler." OK, I haven't heard that cheer in 60 years, but maybe somewhere it is still used.

 

There's a "Fin" ($5) and Sawbuck ($10).

 

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Although the origins of the term " Bob " to describe a Shilling ( 5p ) are unknown, it is still used to this day.
10 Shillings = 50p, which becomes 10 Bob.

A TenBobBit is a 50p piece.

 

"Buck" as slang for a dollar possibly originated from the early colonial period, where items were valued based on deer hides, or buckskins. But buckskins are not an obsolete coin, so that's stretching the OP's criteria. There are other theories for the origin of "buck".

 

I learned another example, sort of: "cash" in French is "espèces," the equivalent of the English "specie" (money made of precious metal). Not a specific denomination,
I guess, but I like seeing all of these old terms lurking in modern speech.

 

One more! Russian "denga" (1/2 kopek = 1/200 ruble) is still used as a general term for money in (I think) the plural. (деньги? I don't really get Russian plurals.)