That's a loaded question with an answer too long for here. Just do some research on Mint errors and you'll learn a lot. If you find a coin you think is a Mint error, ask yourself how this could have happened. Read the posts in the CT Error forum and you'll understand.
The problem with the question is that Damage is unlimited. Whereas Mint Errors occur in the minting process or with the metal. Thus very limited by comparison. you can search online but skip most YouTube videos and websites that do not give details as those are mostly clickbait and wrong. For instance WikiPedia, and many error webpages out there that list many detailed examples of mint errors.
Welcome to CT Charcole64. It appears to be post mint damage (PMD). If possible, crop your photos to show just the coin, obverse and reverse, and a close up of any areas you want advice on. Judging a coin from photographs is difficult, so the best pictures are required.
