It could still be a Sicilian Tari but Islamic but I can't read the mint name.. so a Fatimid 1/4th Dinar/ Tari from either Sicily or Tunisia? Looks like a Decanummium from Catania, not sure who from just the reverse though Heraclius here https://www.cngcoins.com/Coin.aspx?CoinID=137989
Decanummium from Catania is right! Actually also Heraclius like the CNG example, SB 885, though a year earlier: year 12, 621-2. (Not obvious from my photo, which does not do the coin justice.) I don't have anything from this mint, and only one other Heraclius, so this will be a keeper. Some of the best hidden stuff also turned out to be Byzantine: Justinian I pentanummium, Carthage mint, issued 539-543 (SB 274), quite scarce: Maurice Tiberius decanummium, Antioch year 5 (586-7), SB 536: (The legend looks more like Tiberius II Constantine, but apparently the crown style is diagnostic of Maurice. Legend sloppiness is typical of Byzantine bronze.) This well-struck dynastic follis of Constans II, Syracuse (SB 1110): One of my favourites in the whole lot, visible but unidentifiable in the group shot, is this Syracusan follis of Constantine IV (SB 1207). Great detail on this coin, e.g. the monogram above the M: Leo III follis, Constantinople (SB 1516): I'll be keeping all of the above, as they are good quality for Byzantine bronze.
Yes, if you meant to include Sicily-mint Fatimid quarter dinars, then you were right the first time. Here's the whole thing: I confirmed the caliph ID with Steve Album, but he told me something interesting about the coin...
Then I think its... Constantine II AE Follis. 323-4 AD. CONSTANTINVS IVN NOB C, laureate head right / CAESARVM NOSTRORVM, wreath enclosing VOT.X Mintmark PTR crescent. RIC VII #433 Trier
I can't speak for Spanaird, but I didn't know it was Constans, only that it had to be either he or his brother Constantius II.
Hmmm. The most likely would be CONSERVATO-RES VRB SVAE - Roma, in hexastyle temple, with globe, shield and scepter, similar to this type (but with Maxentius instead of Constantine): but the fact that you said we'd need a lucky guess makes me suspect it's something less common, possible from Carthage or Ostia. Here's another Constantine, but with a reverse that's also on the coins of Maxentius: CONSERVATO-RES KART SVAE - Carthago, holding branches, in hexastyle temple. Here's a Maxentius, from Ostia: Bronze Nummus Ostia mint, A.D. 309 Obv: IMP C MAXENTIVS P F AVG Rev: AET-ERNITAS AVG N - Castor and Pollux, each with star above cap, nude but for chlamys hanging from shoulders, standing, facing each other, leaning on scepter and holding reins to bridled horses; wolf and twins between them MOSTΔ in exergue RIC 16 26mm, 6.1g. Looking at the obverse portraits, in particular the eyes and the pointy chin, I would guess Carthage.
I'm going to guess that reverse is Sol in a quadriga, holding a globe (SOLI INVICTO COMITI), and it's either Constantine or Licinus's face on the other side. EDIT: Just saw Gsimonel's post, and that seems more likely.
That coin in the lot is most likely John II Komnenos. IF the OP can tell us wheter there is a bust of Jesus on the obverse side it might help. Also when looking at the clothes and dots it appears to be John. Here is my Alexius sear 1918: Sitting Jesus on obverse (without head, worned), and Alexius on reverse: Here is my John, sear 1944 Bust of Jesus(very worn) on obverse, and on reverse John (look carefully on the dots/square and clothes to distinguish from Alexius) If it is John in the lot, as I think it is, then that coin is full of history as it was in the time when Crusaders were in Jerusalem. Here is what happened when John's father was the emperor: https://www.cointalk.com/threads/comnenus-dynasty-and-komnenian-restoration.280513/
Yes, you've got it now. Here's the pair, one with crescent, and one without, first and second officinae.
Your initial best bet is right, it's the common type. I didn't realize these were so much more common than the others, but I should have. It's difficult to photograph due the the deposits/verdigris. I will have to make an attempt at cleaning it, though I'm very inexperienced. Cleanable?
Sol w/ spread quadriga is right. Probus was my first thought on pulling the coin out of the box (there's not much legend left to help). But the bust, while armored and heroic, isn't right, it's not Probus. Here's the face: