Is buying a TPG coin a guarantee that it has not been cleaned and is problem free? Here is the coin in question: http://www.ebay.com/itm/1909-S-PCGS...18?pt=Coins_US_Individual&hash=item5ae6efa8ba
With NGC it will say "details" which does not always mean cleaned, but it means it's not problem free. With PCGS it will say "genuine". IDK about anacs.
One benefit to red copper in older holders is that it has been in that holder with that color for a quite a while now.
They now do. In earlier times, the best indication of a cleaned coin was a "body bag." You got the coin back, rejected for a slab. Now, TPGs tend to put "cleaned, genuine with a code, or details, and enumerate the problem."
The answer is not a simple one. First of all, what do you mean when you say cleaned ? Do you really mean harshly/improperly cleaned ? Or do you just mean cleaned ? The reason that is important is because of this. Examples - If you soak a coin in distilled water and then swish it around to remove dirt and grime - has that coin not been cleaned ? If you use acetone, or xylene, to remove contaminants from a coin - has that coin not been cleaned ? If you dip a coin to remove unsightly toning, spots, streaks etc - has that coin not been cleaned ? You can do any of these things, and as long as you do them correctly without harming the coin the TPGs will slab that coin all day long. There are literally millions and millions of coins that have been cleaned in regular TPG slabs. However, coins that have been harshly (or improperly if you prefer that word) cleaned, will be put in Genuine or Details slabs - as a general rule. It is not always the case, but it is the case most of the time. Now the problem free part is another issue entirely. And this ties in to the last sentence in my previous paragraph. You see, there are some coins, that even if they have been harshly cleaned, the TPGs will still put them in regular slabs. And there are some coins that can have problems such as pitting, corrosion, planchet flaws (depending on severity), scratches, gouges, environmental damage, etc - and the TPGs will ignore those problems and put those coins in a regular slab. And they will do this consistently. While at the same time, other coins, with any of the problems I mentioned above, will be put in Genuine or Details slabs. So the answer to your question - is maybe.
Detecto: "genuine" means bad? Now that's a good one. Dhwiz: Blahhhh, looks dirty AFTER cleaning. Hate to see what it looked like before. GDJMSP: Those are good points. My personal opinion would be: 1) If even a microscopic layer of metal has been removed - it's cleaned. But if a layer of dirt, etc. which was NOT a part of the original coin is removed, then it hasn't been cleaned. 2) If the metal finish of the coin has been altered - it's been cleaned. If you remove the dirt, but leave the metal AS-IS then it has not been "cleaned". If the dirt has become part of the metal in the coin, then removing the dirt WOULD constitute cleaning the coin. 3) If the water / Toluene / Acetone does ANYTHING to change the metal of the coin, it has been cleaned. That includes toning, spots, etc. 4) I read in "The coin collector's survival guide" of people toning coins to cover hairlines. Boy, this game gets pretty tricky! Me being cynical, it's almost like if you pay book value, then EXPECT a cleaned coin. If you want what is REALLY described in redbook (not cleaned / no problems), then expect to pay double. Well, that really stinks about TPG's slabbing coins that have those things done to them. So they can TELL, but pass them through anyhow? Say WHAT? I saw one ~1797 dollar on TV that TPG's said "whizzed", another that said "improperly cleaned", another said "marks or something". I can accept that because, while graded, they are being honest about the coin. I discovered a buffing wheel in my teens. Boy, that did a great job on all my wheaties! Better still, the buffing residue acted as a layer against oxidation and the coin stayed incredibly shiny. Who would want a bunch of dirty old coins when they polish up so well? The innocence of youth. So what about the coin link I posted? There is no .92 in the ID number.
You asked and several members have tried to help you. You can accept their advice or not, it is totally up to you. Here are my thoughts on the coin in the link you posted. You can accept this or not, as you wish. That IHC has been in that holder for quite some time, given the vintage slab. If you go to the PCGS web site you can read their guarantee statement for yourself. That cent was graded as a 64 RD, the seller wants you to believe that it would grade as a 65 or 66 if sent in for regrading in hopes that someone will pay a higher price. It appears to be a nice coin, I will assume you have verified the slab serial number with PCGS.
Dhwiz: Blahhhh, looks dirty AFTER cleaning. Hate to see what it looked like before. ] Thanks that reminded me the coin was still on the scanner
OK, but there's 2 different things here to discuss. 1 - the times when you say the coin has been cleaned. And 2 - the times when you say the coin has not been cleaned. Let's talk about #2 first. You are saying that if dirt, grime, contaminants, are removed from a coin and the metal is not disturbed and no metal is removed - then that coin was not cleaned. But if it was not cleaned, then what was it ? Do you understand what I am asking you - what was it if it wasn't cleaned ? Action was taken, things were done to the coin. What word do you use to describe or put a name to the action that was taken or to the things that were done to the coin - if not cleaned ? In other words, what does the word cleaned, or clean, or to clean, or cleaning, actually mean ? What is the definition of that word ? You can look it up in the dictionary if you want, but just about everybody knows what it means. It means to remove dirt, grime, contaminants from something. If you clean your house, what did you do to your house ? If you clean your car, what did you do to your car ? If you clean your clothes, what did you to your clothes ? You cleaned them, you removed the dirt, grime, and contaminants. But did you harm your house, car, clothes, or anything else when you cleaned it ? No you didn't. So if you clean a coin, do you harm the coin by cleaning it ? No, you don't. Now let's talk about #1. You say that if any metal is removed, or if any metal is altered, then the coin has been cleaned. OK, now let's talk about your car, your house and your clothes. You wife tells you to clean the coffee table and end tables in the living room. And then clean the car, and then clean the clothes. You say OK, go to the kitchen and get a pad of steel wool. You tale that steel wool to the fine wood tables and scrub them down. You take that steel wool to the car and rub it all over the outside of the car. Then you gather up the clothes, put them in the washer, and pour about a cup of chlorine bleach in directly on top of them. What did you do the tables, the car and the clothes ? Is your wife going to kill you for ruining everything ? Did you clean them, or did you improperly clean them ? Do you see my point ? When you clean something, you don't do any harm to it. When you harshly or improperly clean something, you do do harm to it. Sure I know what people mean when they say a coin has been cleaned. But they aren't using the right word when they say it. And the reason they aren't using the right word is because when you clean something, you do no harm to it. To clean something is to remove the dirt, grime, and contaminants. So when you clean a coin, and you do it properly, you do no harm to the coin. One more thing about #1. You said that if any metal is removed or if any metal is altered then the coin has been cleaned. What you really mean is that the coin has been harshly/improperly cleaned, but there's a small problem with that. The reason there is a problem with that is this. When you dip a coin, and do it correctly, you remove a microscopic layer of metal from the coin. But even with magnification, you can't see that a layer of metal has been removed, you cannot see that any harm was done to the coin. But yet by your definition the coin has been cleaned. Well, it is estimated that about 80% of all older coins have been dipped, at least once in their lifetime. That number is accurate. And this dipping was done for 1 of 2 basic reasons. It was done to remove heavy, excess toning from the coin because once toning reaches a certain point it can harm the coin by corroding it. Or it was done because the person owning the coin liked white coins better than he liked toned coins. But when a coin is dipped properly, no harm is done to the coin. And even with magnification it cannot be determined that the coin was ever dipped. For this reason the TPGs will slab correctly dipped coins. They have always done so, they will probably always do so. And there are millions and millions of dipped coins in regular TPG slabs. Just about every collector there is owns 1, and more often than not many, dipped coins. And they see no problems with these coins. But yet by your definition, all of those coins are problem coins because a layer of metal has removed or altered. They have been cleaned - using your definition of cleaned. But the TPGs, and the entire numismatic community, do not call or think these coins as cleaned. They do not see these coins as problem coins. So again, do you see my point ? Your definition of cleaned does not work. It doesn't work because it is the wrong word, the wrong term. The word/term that should be used is harshly or improperly cleaned. And in fact that is the term that the TPGs use. No, they do not put that term on the slabs. But they do not put it on the slab because of space constraints, there isn't room for the extra word. So they shorten it as a matter of convenience and only put cleaned on the slab. But if you look at the TPG definition for the code 92, this is what you find - 92|N-2 Cleaned – surface damage due to a harsh, abrasive cleaning As a general rule, the TPGs will not slab a coin that has been harshly cleaned. But they will slab a coin that has been cleaned. Yes, but when they say whizzed, improperly cleaned, or damage - those are not regular slabs. Those are problem coin slabs - Genuine or Details slabs. But as I said, there are some exceptions, there are times when the TPGs will slab problem (meaning put in a regular slab) coins. Generally these exceptions are used with early coins, or rare, or expensive coins. And sometimes they will even make exceptions for coins of a certain pedigree. No, there isn't. And based on the pics I cannot see any reason for there to be a 92 on the slab. Are you thinking there should be a 92 on the slab ? Do you see something wrong with the coin ?
This slab is way older than the .92 designation. During the time of this slab is would not have been put in a holder.
Yup, the did it all day long. Its why toned coins used to carry discounts to white coins since this, and other things, are always possible and it takes time and a good eye to look under the toning. Also, even if a coin is NT, you never know really until you dip it what the surfaces are like under the toning. This is why I was befuddled after coming to CT the first time and reading how toned coins now have such huge premiums sometimes. I agree they can be pretty, but all of them, by definition, carry some level of risk.
Pennyguy And I appreciate the time taken to explain this stuff. GDJMSP Thanks for the detailed response. I guess I follow your points. So you are saying a coin can be cleaned without damaging it? I thought that if a microscopic layer of metal was removed, it would age differently and you wouldn't find out until much later. Are there some things like milk spots that cannot be cleaned?
Yes, absolutely. Age differently than if the coin had been left alone - yes, that is true. You find out later - no, not true at all. What you are talking about here is dipping a coin. And as I said there are millions and millions of coins that have been dipped correctly and nobody can tell that they were dipped because the coin was not harmed. Yes. Nobody has ever found a way to remove milk spots without harming the coin.
More generically, if something is "in" the metal of the coin, and not simply sitting on the surface, it cannot be cleaned without damage. Same with corrosion that dark toning can turn into. Once its in the metal itself, its damage. Dirt, grime, grease, toning, etc all reside on the surface or only affects the very outer molecules of metal. Regarding dipping, if done just once, and correctly, I agree its very hard to tell. However, bad dipping or continued dipping will be noticable. We have all seen "overdipped' coins, coins with good details but simply no luster. The same molecules that give luster are the ones removed with dipping. Every dip lowers luster, no way around it, but a coin properly dipped, and dipped for the right reason, (to stop corrosion for example), is better that a coin left unchecked. Always remember it was the person who allowed the coin to get corroded or overtoned that caused the damage, not the person who dips it trying to help the coin. Now, if someone dips just to make a coin whiter, yeah they should be taken out back and shot.